Minimal and Tech-House (1999-2005)

• Richie Hawtin’s DE9 series pioneers digital mixing techniques
• Ricardo Villalobos defines minimal techno aesthetic
• Berlin’s Ostgut club (later Berghain) becomes techno’s new mecca
• Labels like Perlon, Playhouse, and Kompakt define the minimal sound
• Tech-house emerges as bridge between house and techno
• Digital production tools transform studio possibilities