Pitch

Pitch refers to the perceived frequency of a sound—whether it sounds high or low. The higher the frequency (measured in hertz), the higher the pitch; the lower the frequency, the lower the sound. For example, A at 440 Hz is a common tuning reference. In music, pitch is essential for playing notes, tuning instruments, composing melodies, and building harmonies. In production, pitch can be manipulated (transposing, pitch-shifting) to create effects or adapt recordings.